ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the pH changes of arterial blood in patients with acute left heart failure.Methods Thirty-eight patients with acute left heart failure were selected as our subjects,who all underwent diuresis,the strong heart diuresis,dilation of blood vessels,reducing the load on the heart,and making water and electrolyte balance of conventional medication,and then parallel oxygen mask,respirator mode synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation(SIMV).If hypoxia was not significantly improved,and positive pressure ventilation with end expiratory(PEEP) treatment was conducted.Results After treatment,the level of pH,heart rate(HR),breathing rate(RR),arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2) and mean arterial pressure(MAP) were (7.4 ± 0.3,86.3 ± 6.2) times/min,(22.5 ±4.8) times/min,(84.8 ±7.3) mmHg,(43.3 ±5.5) mmHg,(81.1 ±3.2) mmHg,different from those before treatment(7.1 ±0.1),(118.3 ±8.2) times/min,(36.2 ±7.1) times/min,(47.2 ±6.6) mmHg,(48.3 ±5.2) mmHg,(96.2 ±4.5) mmHg),and the differences were significant (t =5.848,19.188,9.854,23.552,4.072,16.857 respectively; P ＜ 0.01).With the progress of treatment,pH value and pHi value in patients showed a rising trend.Regression analysis showed a positive correlation and the regression equation was Y =-0.559 4 + 1.103 7X.Conclusion Patients with acute left heart failure show abnormal blood pH level and the corresponding change inside red blood cells.Then it causes changes in arterial blood oxygen carrying capacity of red blood cells,reduces the cell through the capillary capacity.Therefore,it can result in decrease of gas exchange levels in patients and hypoxia.Treatment should be considered imbalance the body of the improved state of acid-base.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of azithromycin on airway remodeling and the expression of transforming growth factorβ1 (TGF-β1) in asthmatic mice.Methods BALB/c male mice were random divided into 3 groups:control group(A),asthma group (B),and azithromycin treated group (C),with 10 mice in each group.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected to count the number of white blood cells and eosinophilic granulocytes EOS.The morphological parameters of the bronchi were measured by computer image analysis and the pathologic changes of the bronchi and lung tissue were observed by HE staining.The expressions of TGF-β1 were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The number of EOS in B group was significantly higher than that in control group(8.12 ±0.54 vs 0.70 ±0.40;8.12 ±0.54 vs 0.87 ±0.25,P ＜0.01).WAt and WAi and WAm in group C was significantly lower than that in group B (10.15 ±0.95 vs 15.36 ±0.85,4.16 ±0.32 vs 10.64 ± 1.03,3.77 ±0.15 vs 7.97 ±0.17,P ＜0.01)but higher than that in group A.The expression of TGF-β1 in group C was significantly lower than that in group B but higher than that in group A.TGF-β1 expression of lung tissue in C group was significantly correlated with EOS,(r =0.840,P ＜0.01) and WAt(r =0.735,P ＜0.01) and WAm (r =0.870,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Azithromycin inhibited airway remodeling in asthmatic mice,which might possibly be achieved through inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of connective tissue growth factor( CTGF) and the effects of azithromycin in airway remodeling in asthmatic mice.Methods BALB/c female mice were randomly divided into 3 groups;control group(A),asthma group(B) ,and azithromycin treated group(C),with 10 mice in each group.Mice were sensitized and challenged continually with ovalbumin( OVA).The distribution and types of collagens were detected by cirius red staining.Lung hydroxyproline content was determined by acid hydrolysis.CTCF expression in mice pulmonary tissues was detected by SABC immunohistochemistry.Results After continual challenging with OVA,collagen hyperplasia was found in the airway wall and CTCF positive expression in airway epithelium.CTCF expression was closely associated with lung hydroxyproline content(r = 0.65,P <0.01).Conclusion Asthma continually challenged with OVA could result sub-epithelial fibrosis and remodeling in airway,which could be associated with the upregulation of CTCF over-expression.Azithromycin inhibited airway remodeling in asthmatic mice,possibly by inhibiting the expression of CTGF.